International Research and Academic scholar society

IRASS Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences

Issue-3(March), Volume-2 2025

1. BUILDING A SAFER SOUTH AFRICA: EXAMINING KEY PROJECTS FROM THE SAPS ST...
20

Dr. John Motsamai Modise*
Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0183, South Africa
1-24
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14964886

The public should be made aware of the main objectives of the SAPS Strategic Plan 2020–2025 as well as its implications for South African security and safety. Examine developments and raise pertinent questions about the direction these projects are taking, highlighting both the successes and setbacks. Encourage public dialogue about the usefulness of the SAPS approach and possible areas for improvement. Encourage participation and engagement. One of the aims is to choose multiple large-scale projects covering a variety of topics, including GBV campaigns, technology, community engagement, and safety from crime. Examine each project's aims, objectives, and plans for implementation. Compile information about accomplishments, such as survey results, crime figures, and expert opinions. Determine the obstacles that every endeavor must overcome, including a lack of funding, a lack of community support, and internal opposition. Include interviews with community people, law enforcement, academics, and pertinent non-governmental organizations to portray a variety of viewpoints. The noteworthy initiatives that have been finished under the SAPS Strategic Plan 2020–2025 will be the main subjects of the investigation. For every project, which particular goals and objectives have been selected? How much have these projects helped them achieve their objectives? What are the primary obstacles keeping these initiatives from progressing? What views do stakeholders, professionals, and people of the community have regarding the efficacy of these programs? What suggestions are available to enhance the effectiveness and results of these projects?

2. A CALL TO ACTION TO END CHILD ABUSE, EXPLOITATION, AND TRAFFICKING IN...
9

Dr. John Motsamai Modise*
Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0183, South Africa
25-35
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14964896

Investigating the prevalence, causes, effects, and efficacy of child protection initiatives in Africa is the aim and objective of this study. Main Subjects: Child exploitation, trafficking, the prevalence and dispersion of these crimes. risk factors and underlying causes, Consequences both immediate and long-term; efficacy of initiatives for prevention and intervention; and suggestions for decision-makers, professionals, and communities. Key Arguments: Child trafficking, exploitation, and abuse are still common throughout Africa, albeit to differing degrees depending on the location. The main contributing factors include poverty, war, cultural norms, and lack of access to healthcare and education. The physical, mental, and social wellbeing of children is severely harmed by these problems. The efficacy of current preventative and intervention methods varies, and further study is required to determine optimal procedures. Strengthening legislative frameworks, funding preventative initiatives, encouraging kid-friendly settings, increasing awareness, and aiding for survivors are among the recommendations. Methodology/approach: Review of the literature on child protection in Africa that has been done. examination of information from national governments, UNICEF, the ILO, and other pertinent sources. case studies of particular initiatives for kid safety. Significance: Future research, lobbying, policy creation, and service provision can all benefit from the study's conclusions. The report emphasizes how urgently more funding for child protection initiatives in Africa is needed. Audience: Civil society groups, researchers, practitioners, policy makers, and the general public.

3. BATHO/UBUNTU AND SUSTANABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
9

Dr. John Motsamai Modise*
Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0183, South Africa
36-45
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14964923

This study explores how the African philosophy of Batho/Ubuntu, which emphasizes interconnectivity and humanness, might support efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It makes the case that the SDGs' emphasis on social justice, environmental responsibility, and community involvement is in line with Batho/Ubuntu's key ideals. Main Topics: The fundamentals of Ubuntu/Bato and how they relate to particular SDGs. How Ubuntu/Bato promotes a feeling of collective ownership and involvement in reaching the SDGs. How the ideals of Batho/Ubuntu encourage sustainable environmental practices and responsible resource management. Effective case studies of Ubuntu and Batho in action to achieve results for sustainable development. Suggestions for incorporating Batho/Ubuntu ideas into frameworks for policy and development initiatives. Principal Arguments/Results: The ethical underpinning required to achieve the SDGs is aligned with Batho/Ubuntu, which places an emphasis on compassion, connectivity, and living in harmony with nature. Batho/Ubuntu empowers community ownership and accountable resource management, reinforcing current SDG strategies. Case examples show how well Batho/Ubuntu ideas work when applied to things like environmental preservation and conflict mediation. Approach/Methodology: overview of the literature on the SDGs, sustainable development, and Batho/Ubuntu. Examination of case studies demonstrating the application of Batho/Ubuntu ideas. defining the main obstacles to and possibilities for Batho/Ubuntu integration into development frameworks. Significance/Implications: By incorporating a solid ethical basis based in African philosophy, this research presents a fresh viewpoint on accomplishing the SDGs. It can teach community leaders, development professionals, and legislators how to design more equitable and sustainable development plans. Audience: Leaders in the community, academics, development professionals, policymakers, and anyone else interested in the SDGs and the significance of African philosophy: In summary: Together with technical solutions, Ubuntu/Batho offers a valuable ethical foundation to help achieve the SDGs. We may promote a future that is more equal, sustainable, and just for everyone by incorporating its tenets.

4. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF COMMEMORATING 30 YEARS OF DEMOCRACY IN SOUTH AFRIC...
11

Dr. John Motsamai Modise*
Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0183, South Africa
46-57
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14964946

The purpose of this article is to examine the significance of South Africa's 30th anniversary of democracy. to comprehend the ways in which remembrance might anchor and fortify South Africa's democracy overall. Primary Subjects: The current condition of South Africa's democracy, including its advantages and disadvantages. The idea of memorial and its effects on civic involvement, national identity, and solving persistent issues. Techniques and illustrations of celebration exercises. The government, citizens, lawmakers, and policymakers are among the several parties involved in the commemoration process. Important Takeaways/Results: Remembering the past can help to: Promote a more inclusive and cohesive national identity. reviving civic involvement and democratic process participation. tackling current issues and advancing a democracy that is fairer and just. The inclusiveness, emphasis on critical thought, and citizen empowerment are key components of a successful remembrance. Approach/Methodology: review of the scholarly literature on transitional justice, democracy, and memory that is pertinent. An examination of previous memorial ceremonies in South Africa and other democracies undergoing transition. Analysis of the events scheduled for South Africa's 30th anniversary of democracy. (Details optional) surveys and interviews with a range of South African backgrounds. Significance/Implications: The research's conclusions can help shape the creation of more powerful and successful events to mark the 30th anniversary of democracy. The project's promotion of civic engagement, critical thinking, and a dedication to tackling persistent difficulties can help to strengthen and broaden South Africa's democracy. Academics and researchers with an interest in transitional justice and democracy make up the audience. Government representatives and policymakers participating in organizing the commemoration of the 30-year milestone. Civil society organizations in South Africa that support social justice and democracy. the general public who wants to know more about how they may be engaged and the significance of the 30th anniversary.

5. SCHOOL FINANCE CONTROL MECHANISMS FOR EFFECTIVE ADMINISTRATION OF SENI...
11

Yellowe, Annette N. PhD* , NWU...
Department of Educational Management, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education
58-67
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14964964

The study investigated school finance control mechanisms for effective administration of senior secondary schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. Three objectives were formulated and translated into corresponding research questions and hypotheses. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population consist of 6,485 academic staff (311 principals and 6,174 teachers) in the 311 public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. A sample size of 778 comprising 741 teachers’ and 37 Principals was selected from the population of 6,485 academic staff. To determine the sample size 12% of the entire population was computed. A researcher-designed instrument titled "School Finance Control Mechanisms for Effective Administration of Senior Secondary Schools Questionnaire (SFCMEASSSQ)” was used for data collection. The completed copies of the questionnaire were analyzed for reliability using Cronbach Alpha Method. The reliability coefficients of 0.78, 0.81 and 0.82 were obtained for the various clusters. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions, while independent t-test statistics were employed to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that budgetary planning, auditing and the integration of these mechanisms collectively enhanced the effective administration of schools. Significant differences were observed between principals and teachers in their opinions of some financial control mechanisms. The study concluded that robust financial control mechanisms are essential for the effective administration of senior secondary schools, ensuring resource accountability, operational efficiency, and enhanced educational outcomes. It was recommended that the Ministry of Education should develop a standardized framework for financial control and provide regular training for school administrators on modern financial management practices. Additionally, technology should be integrated into financial processes to ensure transparency and efficiency.

6. The Effects of Plant Invasions on the Ruins of the Ancient Buddhist Mo...
19

Md. Abdul Momin* , Mohammad Sh...
Postgraduate researchers, BSS and MSS in Archaeology, Comilla University, Bangladesh
68-74
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14977851

Plant invasion has been identified as a significant challenge in conserving the LalmaiMainamati archaeological sites in Bangladesh. The main objective of this study is to determine the extent of structural erosion caused by plant invasion and propose sustainable conservation strategies. The study analyzed the growth patterns and extent of damage to important structures, including Kutila Mura, Ananda Vihara, Bhoj Vihara, and Shalban Vihara. Field observations, physical structure assessment, and moisture analysis revealed that algae, lichens, fungi, and tree roots are causing extensive damage to the brickwork of the archaeological site. In particular, the high moisture-holding capacity of the laterite-rich soil creates a conducive environment for the growth of algae and fungi, which change the bricks' chemical composition and destroy the structure's stability. Seasonal changes, significantly increasing moisture during the rainy season and accumulating in winter, are accelerating the erosion of the archaeological site. In addition, uncontrolled tourism and the ignorant actions of the local people are creating additional challenges in conserving the archaeological site. The study recommends that regular monitoring, mechanical removal of invasive plants, involvement of local people, and long-term environmental assessment can ensure the sustainable conservation of the archaeological site. The results of this study will also set an essential precedent for preserving other archaeological sites in South Asia. Protecting the invaluable heritage of the archaeological site by preventing plant invasion is of great importance for future generations.

7. Voter Apathy, A Silence Killer of Our Democracy
7

Dr. Pippie Hugues*
Policy Analyst in Governance and Democracy, Nkafu Policy Institute(Think Tank), Cameroon
75-77
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14978754

Each vote serves as a strand that contributes to the tapestry of our democratic society. Yet, the challenge we confront today is the lack of interest or indifference among voters. In order to enhance the democratic system, a greater number of individuals need to step up to vote, and also inspire and spur others to participate. The active involvement in elections, especially from women and young people, is crucial for a thriving democracy. Voter apathy, also known as political apathy, refers to a situation wherein individuals who have the right to vote in political elections choose not to do so for a variety of reasons. The most common voter apathy definition is a sense that an individual’s vote is meaningless or that there is no point in participating in an election. The watch word is that voter apathy is a silent killer of our democracy. In this paper, the author will attempt to identify what are the causes of voter apathy, why are young people very reluctant to engage in political participation and further make policy recommendation on how to achieve an all inclusive political ecosystem for all so as to advance democracy. The method the researcher will adopt will be desktop literature review and observation.

8. The Role of Public Relations in the 2015 General Elections in Nigeria
9

Heavens Ugochukwu Obasi, Ph.D*...
Department of Mass Communication, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria And Department of Mass Communication, National Institute for Nigerian Languages, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria
78-91
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14991893

The role of public relations, or PR as it is often called, during the 2015 general elections in Nigeria was nothing short of crucial. It played a significant part in shaping how people viewed the candidates and what influenced their votes. This study takes a closer look at how political parties and their hopeful candidates employed PR strategies during the bustling campaign period. It pays special attention to the ways they communicated to engage various groups—from the everyday voter to the omnipresent media and even the vigilant civil society organizations. The importance of good media relations, clear messaging, and savvy use of social media can’t be overstated. These elements were necessary for sharing their campaign stories and tackling any pesky misinformation that threatened to muddy the waters. Through a careful analysis of campaign materials, conversations with PR experts, and the media reports of the time, the research shines a light on the key tactics political players used to boost their visibility and gain trust among voters. Interestingly, the findings show that well-executed PR strategies were vital in shaping the discussion around central issues like the ever-controversial corruption, matters of security, and the intricate web of economic development. Moreover, the study uncovers how grassroots engagement was harnessed to galvanize voters, sprinkling a sense of political empowerment among the people. The blend of traditional and digital media is another topic explored with a keen eye. Social media, in particular, emerged as a remarkable tool, especially for connecting with the younger crowd and allowing for instant communication. This research adds to our understanding of PR as a key player in the political arena in Nigeria, highlighting its critical role in promoting transparency and accountability in the election process. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the need for ongoing investment in strategic communication practices, as these are essential for fortifying the democratic framework and encouraging citizen involvement in the elections yet to come.

9. THE ROLE OF PARENTS TEACHERS ASSOCIATION (PTA) IN CURRICULUM TRANSFORM...
8

Uduak Idoghor PhD, LLM, BL*
Faculty of Education, University of Port Harcourt, Choba
92-95
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15023012

This paper set to determine the role of parents’ teachers association (PTA) in curriculum transformation. It all started from discussing what the curriculum really is, the historical point of view of the curriculum as well as the reflection of the curriculum ideologies. The curriculum was defined as "the construction of memory," or the way a nation's citizens conceive and give shape to their knowledge of the past and present. Some of the specifics of this description will be included in the body of this paper. the opinions of several nations, including China, Spain, and the United States of America (USA), about curricular reform. In a similar spirit, curriculum, curriculum-based instructions, and curriculum transformation—including establishing the objectives and purpose, implementing the curriculum, and monitoring and assessing curriculum and instruction programs—are all part of the parents' teachers association's (PTA) management of secondary schools in Kenya. The main tenets for directing curriculum change were also mentioned; the goal is to inspire students to pursue their chosen courses of study and to take charge of the school life they want to lead; it builds on past achievements to advance the established advantages of the school community through the influence of Bath research and placements, among other things. The author listed some noteworthy contributions to curriculum reform that the parents' teachers association (PTA) should take into account. It was suggested that in order to make the school Parents Teachers Association (PTA) more effective in managing and administering their duties, the Nigerian Ministry of Education should create pertinent policies.

10. Interrogating the Inclusion of The Female Gender in Medium-Sized Urban...
41

Olusegun Aluko, Olasunkanmi Ol...
Department of Architecture, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ilaro City, Ogun State, Nigeria
96-100
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15023024

This study assessed the inclusion of girls in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programs in medium-sized settlements like Ilaro in Nigeria. The study identified areas where TVET activities are taking place, investigate the level of female participation, and explore reasons behind their underrepresentation. It equally proposed sustainable solutions to enhance girls' inclusion in TVET programs. These aims were achieved through identification of schools offering TVET programs in Ilaro; evaluation of the extent of the girl-child inclusion in TVET programs; investigating rationales behind the low participation of girls in TVET programs, and suggestion of measures that would culminate in the enhancement of female inclusion in TVET programs. The study employed the snowball technique to engage 21 stakeholders, including principals and technology-based subjects’ teachers from seven government-owned schools. Research revealed that four key obstacles mostly prevent female students from accessing TVET programs in the study area: societal norms, delivery-related challenges, policy and governmental limitations, and geographical constraints peculiar to border regions. It, however, recommends orienting and enlightening parents, especially those from low-income backgrounds, about the importance of gender equality and the potential of TVET programs to empower girls.

11. Flood Hazard Mapping of Kogi State, Nigeria: The Case of September 202...
173

Babalola Adewara, Olasunkanmi...
Department of Urban & Regional Planning, Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro
101-106
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15023030

Flooding, exacerbated by climate change, continues to devastate Nigerian communities, particularly in Kogi State, Nigeria. The lack of flood-control measures, such as reservoirs, and encroachment on flood plains have worsened the impacts. This study aims to mitigate these effects by creating a flood hazard map for Kogi State. The objectives of the study are to identify flood-prone areas; assess settlement vulnerability, and produce a vulnerability assessment map. Eight spatial datasets (rainfall, soil, land use, DEM, NDVI, TWI, and drainage density) were integrated using Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (SMCDA) and Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). The weighted overlay of reclassified raster datasets in ArcGIS produced a hazard map. Findings show that the intense rainfall, low relief, and low vegetation index (NDVI) characterizing the study are risk factors for flood ability.

12. ASSESSMENT OF RESOURCE VERIFICATION IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES: GOAL SET...
6

PILLAH, TYODZER PATRICK PhD*,...
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Veritas University, Abuja
107-112
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15034203

Ensuring quality in Nigerian university education requires a systematic approach to goal setting, strategic planning, implementation, and monitoring. One crucial aspect of maintaining academic standards is resource verification, which evaluates the adequacy of faculty, infrastructure, and learning materials to support accredited programs. This paper assesses the process of resource verification in Nigerian universities, emphasizing its role in quality assurance, institutional credibility, and compliance with regulatory standards set by the National Universities Commission (NUC). The study explores how universities define and design academic programs, undergo external evaluations by government agencies, and implement approved programs while maintaining continuous monitoring mechanisms. The findings suggest that while resource verification enhances quality assurance, challenges such as inadequate funding, faculty shortages, and infrastructure deficits hinder its effectiveness. The study recommends enhanced government investment, strategic planning at the institutional level, and stronger regulatory enforcement to ensure universities meet global educational standards. By improving resource verification and academic oversight, Nigerian universities can foster better learning outcomes, graduate employability, and international competitiveness.

13. TOWARDS EQUITABLE REVENUE ALLOCATION IN NIGERIA: STRENGTHENING ACCOUNT...
6

PILLAH, TYODZER PATRICK PhD*,...
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Veritas University, Abuja
113-119
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15034212

Nigeria's revenue allocation formula has long been a subject of controversy and political manoeuvring among the federal, state, and local governments. Despite numerous attempts to establish an agreeable formula, past administrations have failed to achieve a balanced distribution of revenue. However, recent legislative efforts, such as the Bill for an Act to Repeal and Re-enact the Revenue Mobilization Allocation and Fiscal Commission Act, 2023, signal potential reforms in revenue allocation governance. This seminar explores the intricacies of revenue allocation in Nigeria's federating system, examining the percentages allocated to each tier of government and their impact on development. Drawing on qualitative research methods and a critical analysis of existing literature, the seminar aims to shed light on the inequitable distribution of revenue, with the federal government receiving the lion's share. It underscores the importance of accountability and transparency in revenue disbursement, advocating for collaboration between the federal government and the Revenue Mobilization Allocation and Fiscal Commission (RMAFC) to ensure judicious use of allocated funds. Additionally, it calls upon state and local governments to explore alternative revenue generation strategies to complement their allocations and drive sustainable development at the grassroots level.

14. AN EXPLORATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL EFFECTS OF SUBSIDY REMOVAL AND COMMUN...
12

Okorie O. Ume Ph. D*, Akankpo,...
Department of Sociology, Abia State University, Uturu
120-128
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15034218

This study explores the socio-cultural effects of fuel subsidy removal on community life in Okigwe, an area in south-eastern Nigeria. Recently Nigeria’s government decision to eliminate fuel subsidies has led to a sharp increase in petroleum products, significantly impacting on household budgets, transportation costs and on businesses. This study seeks to understand the socio-economic and cultural implications for the residents of Okigwe, focusing on tourism, cultural festivals, marriage practices, burial rites/social events, community cohesion and the coping mechanisms adopted to mitigate the impact. With a survey of 400 household members, analysis reveals that, rising petroleum product costs have impact on household income and expenditure as affirmed by over 70.6% of respondents. They noted the cost of transportation has affected ability to attend family and cultural events. While there has been a sharp decline on the participation of cultural festivals and the visitation of tourists outside of the community. Marriage and burial activities are also declining in participation within the communities. The research highlights policy decisions and recommends interventions of Government to harmonize the income levels of the various sectors of the national economy and improve on the minimum wage. Policy makers should draw up new approaches to promote culture and tourism. Government to promote mass transit schemes to alleviate transport burden. Since culture changes, there should be a revision of cultural demands on burial and marriage rites to promote community participation. The cultural changes may lead to cultural drift.

15. Social Stratification Dynamics: Exploring the Structural Barriers to E...
10

Terfa Jato*, Patricia Iordye
Department of Educational Foundations, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
129-137
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15034384

Nigeria, a nation vast in cultural diversity, reckons with persistent challenges prejudicial to peaceful co-existence. This paper explores the intricate dynamics of social stratification in Nigeria, with particular reference to its impact on education and the resulting challenges to peaceful co-existence. The central problem addressed in this study is how social stratification, exacerbated by endemic corruption and economic disparities, creates structural barriers to equitable access to quality education, thereby perpetuating a cycle of inequality and hindering peaceful coexistence. To address the problem, the paper adopts a comprehensive methodology based on the systematic review and synthesis of knowledge and information from a wide range of sources – including academic research, reports from international organisations, insights from reputable news outlets and ground-level perspectives shared on personal blogs. The findings of the synthesis indicate that, despite Nigeria's oil wealth, the concentration of resources and power among the upper strata of society relegates those outside the strata to the lowest levels of the stratification system, while keeping those already at the lowest strata from rising. Corruption emerges as a key factor in these dynamics, inflating governance costs and leading to mismanagement of public resources. To navigate the challenging dynamics of social stratification and its impact on education for peaceful co-existence among Nigerians, the paper stresses the need to address educational inequalities through mandatory free education, scholarships, stepped-up anti-corruption efforts and improved infrastructure in underprovided communities.

16. Work Experiences of Adult Women in Taiwan
7

Yii-Nii Lin, Ph.D.*
Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
138-143
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15094200

This study aims to explore the work experiences of adult women in Taiwan. Data collection and analysis were conducted using semi-structured interviews and a qualitative phenomenological approach, respectively. Twelve female participants, categorized into highly professional (n = 4), moderately professional (n = 4), and labor-intensive occupations (n = 4), took part in the study. The participants' ages ranged from 43 to 62 years (M = 51.25). Five key themes emerged from the analysis: the pursuit of self-development, the influence of familial background, workplace adaptation, social positioning, and intergenerational transmission of work experiences. Taiwanese women demonstrated strong motivation for self-development in their work, while navigating conflicts between family and work responsibilities and interpersonal conflicts at work setting. Through their professional roles, the participants fostered a sense of self-worth and belonging, underscoring their significant contributions to both family and society

17. EMPLOYEE STRESS AND JOB PERFORMANCE IN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA
6

Onowowhoura Favour Ogheneyole*...
M.Sc. Student, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Delta State, University, Abraka
144-153
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15094212

Employee stress has emerged as a critical issue in contemporary organisational management because of its substantial impact on staff productivity and overall organisational effectiveness. This study examines the correlation between employee stress and job performance at specific deposit money institutions in Abraka. It analyses the principal factors contributing to employee stress, including workload pressure, job insecurity, and work-life balance, along with their resultant impacts on job performance, such as decreased efficiency, heightened absenteeism, and lowered job satisfaction. This study aimed to investigate employee stress and its impact on job performance among selected deposit money banks. The study is exclusively quantitative, utilising a descriptive correlational research design. The questionnaire was employed to gather data from personnel in different departments of the chosen institutions. The study population comprised 191 employees from the selected banks, utilising a stratified sampling technique with a sample frame of 191 employees. The selection technique entails random sampling within each stratum, guaranteeing that every responder has an equal chance of being included in the study. The data from the research instruments were shown in statistical tables and transformed into percentages for analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods, specifically simple percentage and mean rating, were employed to analyse the demographic characteristics of respondents. Regression statistical method was employed to evaluate the research hypotheses and ascertain a substantial link between variables. The investigation revealed that elevated insecurity, excessive workload, and poor work-life balance adversely impact employee motivation and commitment, contributing to stress that may impair job performance in the designated deposit money institutions in Abraka. The study advised that deposit money banks should implement strategies to equilibrate workload, thereby alleviating stress and burnout linked to excessive demands, while ensuring a high degree of job security for employees in the workplace.

18. Cultural Loyalty and Linguistic Innovation: A Study of Gu Hongming's T...
8

Chuanchun Fang*
MA student of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
154-158
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15110672

Amid globalization and intensified cultural exchange, translation has evolved beyond linguistic conversion to serve as a vital intercultural bridge. Translators’ agency and stylistic choices critically shape translation quality and cross-cultural impact. This study investigates translator style through the lens of Gu Hongming’s English rendition of The Analects of Confucius, a groundbreaking 19th-century effort to disseminate Eastern wisdom during an era dominated by Western cultural hegemony. Gu’s translation philosophy and strategies are analyzed using boundary theory, focusing on his negotiation between source-text fidelity and target-reader accessibility. The research comprises five sections: 1) outlining objectives; 2) profiling Gu’s life, translation achievements, and stylistic features; 3) synthesizing academic evaluations of his works; 4) applying boundary theory to analyze textual examples from The Analects; 5) discussing practical implications of Gu’s translational approach. This interdisciplinary methodology bridges translation studies and cultural theory, revealing how Gu’s transcultural mediation balanced Confucian authenticity with Western interpretative frameworks. The findings highlight the enduring relevance of translator style in shaping cross-cultural reception, offering insights for contemporary translation practices in global knowledge exchange.





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